Low Self Esteem - 2429 Words

Languages, colors, cultures and also the way one behaves may differ from one nation to another. Yet, each and every one of us living on the surface of this planet have several things in common. One of these similarities is that we all have a way of regarding our own self. It is believed that a large amount of individuals feel very good about themselves. Nevertheless, from time to time even the best of us get a dose of negative emotions. Very heartbreaking stories about self dislike were told by many depressed teenagers and older people. What are the causes of this kind of low self esteem and how can one person get solutions to outcome them? Self Esteem is defined as confidence in your own merit as an individual#. Such concepts as†¦show more content†¦This should also include an investigation about their selfishness and the way they look at minor people. After trying to overcome these problems, self-respect will surely start to grow. A second step toward self respect is to set goals such as trying learn any kind of musical instrument or another specific skill. A teenager can also dedicate him/herself to do good and serious work. This can include work that we do just to help others without expecting any reward. Picking respectful friends can also play an important role on our own respect. These steps will surely increase our self-esteem but there also are some actions that have to be avoided. One of them can be developing a false front or facade with which to face the world or even becoming a boaster#. Depression, another close relative of low self esteem, has a major role. Melanie had always lived up to her mothers ideal perfect child until she turned 17. Then she withdrew from school activities, stopped accepting invitations to parties, and didnt even seem to care when her grades dropped from As to Cs. When her parents gently inquired what was wrong, she stormed away saying, leave me alone! theres nothing wrong. Mark, at 14 was impulsive and hostile, with an explosive temper. At school he was fidgety and disruptive. When frustrated or angry, he would race across the dessert on a motorcycle or shoot down steep hills on hisShow MoreRelatedThe Low Sense Of Self Esteem1548 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing very difficult to fit into, many people feel as though they do not belong to a set group of people; therefore, they tend to have a lower self esteem which causes them to act out. Being isolated causes one to feel a lack of confidence within themselves because him or her can feel as though they are not wanted and do not belong. This low sense of self esteem affects a person’s motivation and mental health. Social norms can cause people to feel alone and as though they have no one there for them.Read MoreStuck With Low Self Esteem759 Words   |  4 PagesPSCH 100 20 February 2017 Stuck with Low Self-Esteem? The concept of self esteem is widespread in life. When it comes to academics and extracurricular actives people associate high self esteem is necessary for success. Society makes promoting self esteem an important goal. With that in mind, it is surprising that only recently scientific literature began providing insight into the nature of development of self esteem. Self esteem is how an individual evaluates their worth as aRead MoreThe Effects Of Low Self Esteem On Adulthood Essay976 Words   |  4 Pageseffected by marital status of the parents. Boys esteem was lower than girls, citing that boys without fathers in the home tended to have no one to look up to (Mandara Murray, 2000, p. 485). Also, boys had the tendency to sight their family functions as more negative when the marital status of parents was single. Income had a significant effect on the self-esteem of adolescents as well. The higher the income of the home the higher the self-esteem of the adolescent. Families that had a higher incomeRead MoreImproving Your Low Self Esteem1422 Words   |  6 PagesIMPROVING YOUR LOW SELF ESTEEM INTRODUCTION: In the course of our life, we might have encountered a situation whereby we think of other people as been better than us. At times you may look at some successful people, and see them as perfect, being lucky and more gifted and hope you could trade places with them. On the other hand, these people also look at you and think of you as someone who is free, without many problems. You feel insecure of people and they likewise feel the same thing of you. AtRead MoreEssay Teenagers and Low Self-esteem 714 Words   |  3 Pagesfifty percent of all teenagers in the United States struggle with low self esteem. Self-esteem is defined as an irrational and distorted view of self that affects the person’s assumptions, interpretations, perceptions, conclusions beliefs about himself or herself as well as others. This can result in a person being very critical of self and others and/or using poor judgment in decision-making (Questions and Answers about Low Self-Esteem (LSE)). Ninety percent of teenage females aged between fifteenRead MoreEffects of Low Self Esteem Essay458 Words   |  2 PagesEffects of Low Self Esteem Having a low self-esteem can be a horrible and detrimental way to spend your life. It often interferes with everyday situations, creating not only confusion but also a discouraging sense of hopelessness. People with low self-esteems often try to appear confident and careless. However, they frequently do things or say things that make them feel stupid, and somehow, not good enough to fit in with the rest of society. When you have a low self-esteem, one thing thatRead MoreA Case Study on Low Self Esteem2008 Words   |  9 Pagesme. STUDENT PARTICULARS Name of the student: Grade: Exam Number: Academic year: Name of the School: Project title: Low Self Esteem Name of the Guide: Internal Examiner External Examiner ______________________ _______________________ LOW SELF ESTEEM TABLE OF CONTENT TOPIC PAGE NUMBER Introduction 1-6 Identification of Data 7 Case History 8-9 Read MoreSection Two : Low Self Esteem2792 Words   |  12 PagesSECTION TWO: LOW SELF-ESTEEM 1. Definition Research has offered that students who feel self-complacent are more likely to succeed. As learners, we have all experienced this feeling of being confident of our capacities to do something, and this of course, has to do with the great desire, especially in academic setting. Thus, it can be said that SLA has a relation with psychology. Self-esteem is a psychological expression used to reflect someone’s overall evaluation of his/her own worth. It refersRead MoreEssay on Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children Aruna Kalicharan Psychology of Infancy and Childhood (DEP 2000), Section 01 Professor Lissette M. Saavedra April 24, 2001 What is Low self-esteem? In most cases, children with low self-esteem feel that the important adults and peers in their lives do not accept them, do not care about them very much, and would not go out of their way to ensure their safety and well-being. Negative self-esteem is related to low self-confidence, insecurity, underachievementRead More The Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children What is Low self-esteem? In most cases, children with low self-esteem feel that the important adults and peers in their lives do not accept them, do not care about them very much, and would not go out of their way to ensure their safety and well-being. Negative self-esteem is related to low self-confidence, insecurity, underachievement, anxiety, depression, acting-out behavior, sleep problems and being a loner (Yarnell, 1999). During their early

Essay on Using Technology to Increase Academic Success

Using Technology to Increase Academic Success I remember growing up and watching my older sister and brother receive English and Math lessons on a small chalkboard that my mother used to help us read and write. It was the same method that her mother and her mother’s mother used to learn. The portable chalkboard was a staple to my families learning ability. In the last ten years technology has seemingly become an extension of ourselves. When I go out with my wife everywhere I go I see kids, adults, toddlers and even grandparents with some electronics device that seems to be occupying their attention. Technology is especially on the rise in the academic communities from elementary schools, to daycares and most notably amongst high-schoolers†¦show more content†¦In this same study it was shown that 76% also agreed that they felt more prepared for their future education plans by managing their plans with technological applications while an additional 61% of student reported that they used technological devices and ap plications to help them prepare for work (Dahlstrom, Walker, Dziuban, 2013). Statistics show that technology use and ownership is steadily on the rise as the comparison of statistics from 2012 to 2013 of ECAR’s Undergraduate Students and information Technology states. There has been a 9.3% average increase on electronics ownership from 2012 to 2013(Statistics provided from: CDW, 2012) (Dahlstrom, Walker, Dziuban, 2013). According ECAR’s Study from 2004 to 2012 there was an increase of 83% of students who own a laptop. The 2013 study found that 58% of the student own three or more internet-capable devices (CDW, 2012) (Dahlstrom, Walker, Dziuban, 2013). Parents, for example, utilize technology in their favor by buying electronic toys that teach their kids to learn to paint, count, read, recognize colors, animals and even help them learn different languages. A better description is given in the book Quest to Learn, by Salem, Torres, Wolozin (2011) who admits that many games are developed by designers to inspireShow MoreRelatedUsing Technology to Increase Academic Success1277 Words   |  6 PagesHow Using Technology Can Increase Academic Success Distance education has become one of the more prominent forms of study due to the ever-changing technology offered to this modern era of students; Technology has thoroughly improved academic success. Distance education has a glorious history that can be traced back to its roots in the early 1840’s. â€Å"It was Sir Issac Pitman, the English inventor of shorthand, who in 1840 devised his concept to offer education courses by mail, who, in a historicalRead MoreStudent Motivation And Academic Success1568 Words   |  7 Pagescontribute to the academic success of a student in college – motivation, learning preferences/styles, socioeconomic status, whether or not the student is a first generation college student, gender, and even race. With so many factors potentially contributing or hindering a student’s academic success in college; it is important for teachers to attempt to connect with students in the classroom. Adjusting instructional methods that focus on stude nts’ learning preferences/styles can increase student motivationRead MoreThe Impact Of Digital Technology On Academic Study883 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion: Digital technology lead to success in academic study In the last 30 years, IT technology has become more integrated in educational institutions. Currently, many educational institutions are focused on the use of technology such as; online discuss forum, academic websites, PowerPoint presentation and use of audio-visual aid. Moreover, technology helps students to achieve their intended goal to meet success. For the purpose of this essay, the term technology means materials, digital toolsRead MoreTechnology Can Increase Academic Sucess Essay1101 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is defined as the use of science in industry, engineering, etc., to invent useful things or to solve problems (Merriam-Websters Dictionary, 2011). It seems that no matter where you turn there is some sort of technology that you have to deal with on a daily basis because as a society we have become reliant on technology to help us do the simplest of tasks. This is not a bad thing when you put technology to good use such as by implementing it into school curriculum s properly in order toRead MoreUsing Technology to Increase Success966 Words   |  4 PagesUsing Technology to Increase Academic Success Hector Bonilla COLL 100 DO55 FALL 12 American Military University Dr. Augustine M. Amenyah Using Technology to Increase Academic Success Technology has changed the world we live in and has made a very positive impact on the way we learn, an education is just a couple of clicks away from anyone anywhere. It has made it convenient and possible for people with busy schedules, full time jobs and Military who are inRead MoreThe Impact Of Digital Technology On Academic Study871 Words   |  4 Pages Digital technology leads to success in academic study In the last 30 years, IT technology has become more integrated in educational institutions. Currently, many educational institutions are focused in the use of technology such as; online discuss forum, academic websites, PowerPoint presentation and use of audio-visual aid. Moreover, technology helps students to achieve their intended goal to meet success. For the purpose of this essay, the term technology means materials, digital tools, electronicRead MoreUsing Technology For Academic Success1192 Words   |  5 PagesUsing Technology to Increase Academic Success Michael D. Calabrese COLL 100 American Military University Professor Jennifer Gordonâ€Æ' Using Technology to Increase Academic Success This essay will talk about how in today’s modern world we can use technology to increase the academic success of a student. Along with that, we will cover the different types of devices used today, the World Wide Web and its search engines, how technology is used in school and what are its downfalls, and how technologyRead MoreImproving School Education System Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pageseducated. However, free education cannot be translated to success for all. For those motivated ones who cherish the privilege to be educated are those who climb up the success ladders later in life. For a certain majority of students in the States, our current educational system may not seem to serve its purpose. In this paper, I will explore two possible adjustments that could be made to improve our system to benefit our next generation. Academic improvement and class size reduction are the two adjustmentsRead MoreEffects Of Using Instagram On High School Students Academic Studies10 01 Words   |  5 PagesGR 12 RESEARCH TASK – LO The Effect of Using INSTAGRAM on High School Students Academic Studies Part 2: Proposal By: Avrami Nossel Hypothesis: Students who use Instagram will put less effort into school work and will achieve lower marks in academics than those who do not use Instagram. Aim: To determine the effect of high school students’ using Instagram on their ability to spend time and effort on school work and achieve academically. Introduction: Instagram is a fast growingRead MoreMotivation Affects Many Different Areas For Students1075 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation affects many different areas for students in education. Areas include how the student feels about school, teacher relationships, testing performance, and time and effort spent on academics. Without motivation, academic engagement is almost impossible to achieve. However, research has shown that highly motivated students perform better academically, have a better self-esteem, and tend to complete high school. As a student progresses through school, motivation tends to decline. According

Cost And Management Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Cost And Management Accounting? Answer: STATEMENT OF COST PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Direct material 480000 432000 454000 Direct Labor 240000 216000 17602.22222 Production overhead Variable 60000 54000 56000 Fixed 105000 94500 104000 Total Costs 885000 796500 631602.2222 iv) Total variances Variance Analysis FIXED OVERHEAD Absorbed Overhead = Actual Output*Standard Rate = 18000*5.25 = 94500 Fixed Overhead Volume Variance = Absorbed Overhead- Budgeted Fixed Overhead = 94500-105000 = -10500 Fixed Overhead Expenditure Variance= Budgeted Fixed Overhead-Actual Fixed Overhead = 105000-104000 = 1000 VARIABLE OVERHEAD Absorbed Variable Overhead- Actual Variable Overhead= (Actual Output* Standard rate)- Actual Variable Overhead = (18000*3)- 56000 = -2000 DIRECT MATERIAL VARIANCES Actual Material Cost = Actual Quantity*Actual Price = 113500*3.9 = 442650 Actual Quantity at Standard Price = Actual Quantity* Standard Price = 113500*4 = 454000 Material Usage Variance = Actual Quantity at Standard Price- Actual Material Cost = 454000-442650 = 11350 Standard Material Cost = Standard Quantity* Standard Price = 12000*4 = 48000 Material Quantity Variance = (Actual Quantity* Standard Price)-(Standard Quantity* Standard Price) = (113500*4)-(120000*4) = -26000 Material Price Variance = (Actual Price- Standard Price)*Actual Quantity = (3.9-4)*113500 = -11350 DIRECT LABOR VARIANCES Labor Cost Variance = ((Standard Cost/Standard Output)* Actual Output)- Total Actual Cost = ((240000/20000)*18000)-442650 = -226650 Labor Rate Variance = Actual Hours( Standard Rate- Actual Rate) = 17800(12-12.53) = -9434 Labor Efficiency Variance = Standard Rate(((Standard Hours/Standard Output)*Actual Output)-Actual Hours) = 12(((20000/20000)*18000)-17800) = 2400 (v) Note 1- Direct Material PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Units Purchased 120000 108000 113500 Cost Per unit (Rs.) 4 4 3.9 Usage per unit of production 6 6 6 Total cost (Rs.) 480000 432000 442650 Note 2- Direct Labor PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Total Hours Worked 20000 18000 17800 Cost per hour (Rs.) 12 12 12.52808989 Hours per unit 1 1 1 Total Labor Cost (Rs.) 240000 216000 223000 Note 3- Variable Production Overhead PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units (No.) 20000 18000 18000 Cost per unit (Rs.) 3 3 3.111111111 Total Cost Incurred (Rs.) 60000 54000 56000 Note 4- Fixed Production Overhead PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Fixed Production Cost per Unit (Rs.) 5.25 5.25 5.777777778 Budgeted Fixed Production Overhead (Rs.) 105000 94500 104000 Working note: Direct Material 24 6kg* 4 per kg direct albour 12 1 hr# 12 per hr variable production overhead 3 budgeted fixed production overhead 105000 budgeted production 20000 units Actual: direct mat purchased and used 113500 kg 442650 Actual production 18000 units of X Direct labour 17800 hours 223000 Variable production overhead incurred 56000 fixed production overhead incurred 104000 (vi) The reason for material and Price Variances are a reduction in the per unit price of the materials purchased, and an increase in the per hour cost of labor. 1) Special selling price decisions Special pricing decision can be referred to be the fixation of a selling price in respect of a product or a service. The customers are charged based on the selling price for the product that is manufactured or the services that is being provided. Special pricing decisions are affected by the internal, as well as external factors (Needles Powers, 2013). Both financial, as well as non-financial issue arise when organization consider the special pricing decision. The financial issue are as follows: Variable cost When the special pricing decision is undertaken, it influences the cost of the product or the service. In this scenario, the cost of the product or the service is influenced. The variable cost is impacted considerably and the company needs to make provision for it (Needles Powers, 2013). It is an important element in pricing of the product and hence, comes under the financial issue. Costs The cost of the product or the service gets impacted. In turn, this leads to influencing the supply. When it comes to lower price, it leads to greater supply of the product. When the special decision-making leads to pricing of product below the cost it can lead to huge wastage of resources. Non-financial issues Customers Managers evaluate the special pricing problem through the vision of the customers. In, case of special pricing decision, there can be two problems. Firstly, if the price is enhanced it may lead to loss of the customer to a rival or the customer can vouch for a product that is less expensive in nature. Therefore, the pricing decision needs to be structured in an important manner otherwise; it may lead to decline in the number of customers. Competitors The reaction of the competitor also influences the pricing decision. The aggressive policy of the competitor forces a business to lower the prices. In this scenario, it becomes difficult to precede with the special selling price decisions. For a business, it is of paramount importance to understand the competitor action. Business cannot operate in isolation. It is therefore important that business must consider the domestic, as well as international competition. Special selling price decision is vastly influenced though this mechanism (Needles Powers, 2013). 2) Product mix decisions when capacity constraints exist. Product mix is an important factor that helps a company to enhance the reach and availability. It helps the company to attain better exposure. However, in case of capacity constraint it becomes difficult for the company to function smoothly. The capacity constraint puts a bar on the resources and therefore, stalls the progress. Both, financial, as well as non-financial issue can be stated in this regard. Financial issues Profit generation Profit generation becomes difficult when the product mix decision is done with the capacity being constraint. In this scenario, it becomes difficult to take a valid decision because there is limited capacity. Hence, profit generation becomes a big issue because the product mix decision will not fetch sufficient result (Horngren, 2011). Therefore, going by the product mix decision the alignment will be missing and hence not an appropriate one. Cost allocation It becomes difficult to allocate the cost of the product or the service when the resources are limited in nature. In this way the product, mix does not get a desired result and the company cannot diversify its products line. Cost allocation comes in the way because of the low level of capacity. This even devoid the company to grab further opportunities. Non-financial issues Devoid of Opportunity The company will not be able to grab the opportunity because under the theme of capacity constraint, the company will not be able to take product mix decisions. This will hamper the progress and will not lead to a strong action. It will become difficult for the company to stretch its line of activities and hence, the progress will be stalled. Growth The growth of the organization will be stalled when the product mix decision is taken under a limited capacity. In this scenario, it will be difficult to take a strong leap because the organization will face a crisis in many segments (Horngren, 2011). Therefore, the product mix decision will not be able provide a strong movement. Allocation of costs based on machine hours was simple and traditional but ABC has replaced the same as it can allocate costs in a more logic way. Firstly, it identifies all activities in an organization and secondly it gets the cost of every activity assigned to the products and services according to their actual consumption. ABC plays a very important role in costing as it helps the accountants to make an estimate of cost elements of entire products and services. In this way, those product or services that fetch very low profit or do not generate better yield can be successfully eliminated, thus increasing and improving the business effectiveness, as well as efficiency (Lanen et. al, 2008). In short, it is a very helpful management decision making tool, which ensures profitability of the business, and thereby increasing competition in the market. Allocation of resources to individual activities is ABB. It establishes relationship between the activities in an organization that incur costs and after that budget is allocated to each activity. There exists a higher refinement in cost planning when ABB is adopted. The main motive behind using this technique is to generate revenue and improve profits of the business and ABB allows the managers to have full knowledge of the processes of the company (Drury, 2011). Therefore, they can enhance the cost structure of the company when they wish to. Whether funds need to be allocated to or part of the business can be known and the management can even shift the allocation of funds from one part to another part of the business for greater emphasis. It means the costs of the activities become much more transparent for the management and the income generating areas are reflected so that better decisions can be taken (Vanderbeck, 2013). Need for budgeting and problem in implementation Without an effective budgeting system, one cannot decide activities to be done in the future. There exists a greater need to establish a clear line of authority in the business organizations for achieving the objectives and goals of the business and this cannot be possible if an effective budgeting system is not adopted. A company will know where to spend and allocate its resources for gaining better control over the business; management will stay focus on their plans and discrepancies if any could be avoided when a proper budgeting system prevails in the organization (Vanderbeck, 2013). A well-defined policy of the business is a pre-requisite for an effective budgeting system because it builds the employee morale and establishes a greater motivation amongst them to work harder. If debt exists in an organization, it is better to establish a budgeting system because it will keep the spending under control and the management will be reminded of the debt that must be paid off first. Thu s, an effective budgeting system must prevail in every company/business so that greater efficiency in all respects can be achieved. Sometimes budgets made prove to be unrealistic because actual spending crosses the authorized amount due to unfavourable conditions that are not under human control like war, natural disasters, famine etc. In addition, there exists corruption in many companies as because the funds allocated in this budget process are diverted by corrupt accountants to private accounts of their bosses or are diverted to some unauthorized purposes. Lack of proper incentives for effective budgeting implementation is also a major issue existing (Vanderbeck, 2013). Moreover, the problems arise because a budgeting system mostly depends on the fiscal conditions of the country, type of budget system adopted, and lack of correct prediction of the political, social, and economic scenario by the management etc. References Drury, C 2011,Cost And Management Accounting, Andover, Hampshire, UK: South-Western Cengage Learning. Horngren, C 2011, Cost accounting, Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Lanen, W. N., Anderson, S Maher, M. W 2008, Fundamentals of cost accounting, NY: Hang Loose press. Needles, Belverd E. Powers, Marian 2013, Principles of Financial Accounting. Financial Vanderbeck, Edward J 2013, Principles of Cost Accounting . Oxford university press

Intrapreneuship-Global Essay Example

Intrapreneuship-Global Essay Slide: Many big companies had benefitted from the ideas of their employees that not just bringing innovation but adding to its revenue stream. Several global cases have been renowned especially to big companies’ history on how their respective intrapreneurs made the business to be the pioneer of a certain business idea. 1. Most renowned â€Å"Skunk Works† 2. Spencer Silver and Art Fry’s development of post-it notes at 3 M company Modern Day 1. Steve Jobs and a group of 20 Apple Computer engineers created the Macintosh computer 2. Intels core chip-making business. . Google 4. Microsoft 5. Sony playstation I. Global Case Intrapreneurs take existing businesses and transform them. Whereas an entrepreneur would take an idea and build a business around it, an intrapreneur takes an existing business and branches it out into uncharted waters. In a September 1985 Newsweek article, Steve Jobs was quoted as saying, â€Å"The Macintosh team was what is commonly known as int rapreneurship; only a few years before the term was coined—a group of people going, in essence, back to the garage, but in a large company. (http://infospace. ischool. syr. edu/2012/06/25/intrapreneurship-what-who-and-why-its-important/) Intrapreneurship is being practiced in a corporate management style that integrates risk-taking and innovation approaches, as well as the reward and motivational techniques that are more traditionally thought of as being the province of entrepreneurship. Many big companies had benefitted from the ideas of their employees that not just bringing innovation but adding to its revenue stream. Several global cases have been renowned especially to big companies’ history on how their respective intrapreneurs made the business to be the pioneer of a certain business idea. I. Global Case * Skunk Works is an official alias for Lockheed Martin’s Advanced Development Programs (ADP), formerly called Lockheed Advanced Development Projects. This working group within the well-known defense manufacturer has been responsible for the development of numerous cutting edge aircraft and other innovations since 1943, when it was established to work on secret projects for the United States Air Force. In some companies, a working group of intrapreneurs may be referred to as a â€Å"skunkworks project† in reference to Lockheeds famous subdivision. (http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-an-intrapreneur. htm#did-you-know) Skunk Works is responsible for a number of famous aircraft designs, including the U-2, the SR-71 Blackbird, the F-117 Nighthawk, and the F-22 Raptor. Currently its largest officially known project is the F-35 Lightning II, which will be used in the air forces of several countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Intrapreneuship-Global specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intrapreneuship-Global specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intrapreneuship-Global specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Skunk works devoted their work revolutionary projects outside of the company’s * Spencer Silver and Art Fry’s development of post-it notes at 3m is also an impressive example of intrapreneurship. Way back in when a 3m employee couldnt keep his hymns marked properly in his church choir book. After attempting various methods, he decided hed try using some non-permanent adhesive that was available at his workplace. By placing this adhesive on the back of his markers, he found he could keep them secured in place and then easily peel them off when he was done. Modern day * Intel also has a tradition of implementing intrapreneurship. Intel established an in-house new business initiative in 1998 to bootstrap new businesses that employees propose, regardless of whether the concepts had anything to do with Intels core chip-making business. In contrast to a venture capital program that Intel has had in place for a decade, the new business initiative provides financing for businesses that the companys own employees start. The idea for the whole thing came from our employees, who kept telling us they wanted to do entrepreneurial things, said Craig Barrett, president and chief executive officer of Intel. They saw that we were putting a lot of investments into external companies and said that we should be investing in our own ideas. (http://www. utdallas. edu/~chasteen/Reinventing%20the%20intrapreneur. htm) * Steve Jobs and a group of 20  Apple Computer  engineers created the Macintosh computer without adult supervision, mainly to compete with Apples mainstay, the Apple II not to mention Mr. Jobss nemesis, Apple CEO John Scully * Microsoft Microsoft , one of the companies that poached great Xerox technology, has suffered from a brain drain that may pose a bigger threat than any U. S. Supreme Court decision, as veteran executives use their own millions to start their own firms. Thats why both of these companies are now emphasizing internal entrepreneurial efforts. They are among the following ten corporations that have made intrapreneurship a keystone of their business. Seamus Blackley, a game designer, joined Microsoft in early 1999. His last big project, Trespasser, a dinosaur-shooting game based on Michael Crichtons The Lost World (Knopf, 1997), bombed in the market. He figured hed keep a low profile as a graphics programmer, but then he dreamed up a new idea on an airplane flight and quickly banded with three other engineers to create a video game console using personal computer technology. (http://www. utdallas. edu/~chasteen/Reinventing%20the%20intrapreneur. htm) * Google is also known to be intrapreneur friendly, allowing their employees to spend up to 20% of their time to pursue projects of their choice.